With tears in her eyes, Carole told her helper that once again, her boyfriend had broken up with her. In all of her thirty-five years, no man stayed with her more than a few months. Carole said that in every case she started the relationship with hope that it would become permanent and in every case the boyfriend became abusive and wound up cheating on her. She would once again slide into depression and tell herself that she was no good, unattractive, and unworthy of love. Typically, she would stay depressed until another man expressed interest in her when, once again, shed feel excited and optimistic to only experience his abuse.
Her counselor focused on this pattern: a happy beginning to the relationship; abuse; cheating, the break up; and Caroles depression. In doing so, he noted that she was stuck in a(n) ____.
A. disorganized state
B. vicious circle
C. entropic state
D. state of false hope
Question 2
Which of the following is one of the ways that clients avoid taking responsibility for actions?
A. Passivity
B. Learned helplessness
C. Getting trapped in vicious circles
D. All of the above
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