Homework Clinic
Social Science Clinic => Psychology => Topic started by: erika on Jun 22, 2018
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Distinguish between classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social learning. How do they work and how do they differ from one another?
What will be an ideal response?
Question 2
The Student Stress Scale assesses a person's stress level by ____.
a. gauging basic lifestyle habits (e.g., hours of sleep received per night)
b. taking a read of various physical phenomena that are known to be stress-related (e.g., headaches, teeth-grinding)
c. asking questions about a person's mood and emotions
d. taking an inventory of recent life changes a person has experienced
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Answer to Question 1
a . Classical conditioning: Associative learning. After a novel stimulus is repeatedly paired with a familiar stimulus, people (or animals) learn to associate the two stimuli, and to respond to the novel stimulus in anticipation of the familiar stimulus. This type of learning is simply about mentally associating two things.
b. Operant conditioning: Instrumental learning. After rewards (or punishments) repeatedly occur following certain behaviors, people (or animals) learn to engage in those behaviors more and more often (or less and less often).This type of learning is about the effect of rewards and punishments on behavior.
c. Social learning: Vicarious or observational learning. After observing that rewards (or punishments) are repeatedly conferred upon others after they have performed certain behaviors, people (or animals) learn to engage in those behaviors more and more often (or less and less often).This type of learning is the same as operant conditioning except that the learning happens by observing others (as opposed to by direct experience).
Answer to Question 2
D