After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Japanese stiltgrass is an invasive plant that was accidentally introduced to the United States in the early 1900s. It can be found on roadsides and in forests, and it has many impacts on native plants and animals. Biologists Jayna DeVore and John Maerz studied the effect of Japanese stiltgrass on American toads in their natural habitat. They enclosed American toads in cages with lycosid spiders and/or Japanese stiltgrass. The four treatments were (A) lycosid spiders and Japanese stiltgrass, (B) lycosid spiders without Japanese stiltgrass, (C) lycosid spiders and Japanese stiltgrass, and (D) no lycosid spiders and no Japanese stiltgrass. They compared the survival of American toads across the treatments (left graph). They also measured the density of lycosid spiders in different areas where Japanese stiltgrass was absent vs. present (right graph).
Source: DeVore, J. L., & Maerz, J. C. (2014). Grass invasion increases top‐down pressure on an amphibian via structurally mediated effects on an intraguild predator.
Ecology, 95(7), 1724-1730.
American toads consume insects. An American toad that is consuming herbivorous insects is considered a
◦ tertiary consumer.
◦ primary consumer.
◦ secondary consumer.
◦ primary producer.
Reccomendations for blood pressure follow-up
Hormonal Changes in Puberty Girls and boys follow very different hormonal paths at this life stage
Reading and talking about a picture book is one effective way to improve children’s language ...
Weak valve springs will produce a normal reading at idle, but as engine speed increases, the needle ...
Which of the 3 structures shown below has the shortest bond length? Justify your answer.
I need help soon some questions attached