A medical study examined data on patients with cardiovascular disease who were currently non-smokers and those who were current smokers. Population 1 were smokers and population 2 were non-smokers. After data analysis, the 95% confidence interval for the difference in proportions is 0.015 +/- 0.011. The most accurate interpretation is...
◦ We are 95% confident that the difference in the proportion of smokers compared to nonsmokers is between -0.004 and 0.026. There is not a significance difference in the proportions.
◦ We are 95% confident that the difference in the proportion of smokers compared to nonsmokers is between 0.004 and 0.026. There is a significance difference indicating higher cardiovascular disease amongst smokers.
◦ We are 95% confident that the proportion of smokers compared to non-smokers is between 0.004 and 0.026.
◦ We are 95% confident that the interval of the difference in the proportions contains zero. There is not a significance difference between smokers and non-smokers.
Leonardo da Vinci, Study of Human Proportion: The Vitruvian Man.
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