Question 1
What three broad categories do allowances fall into? Discuss why "allowances" are included to adjust normal time to standard time. Support your position with a few simple examples.Question 2
What is a "normal" pace, and what is its connection to normal time and labour standards?Answer 1
Allowances are categorized as personal, fatigue, and delay. Personal account for breaks for restrooms, water, etc., and should depend upon the nearness to facilities. Delay allowances are based on actual studies of delays. Fatigue allowances take into account various physical and environmental conditions. Examples will vary.Answer 2
A normal pace is the pace or speed at which a normal worker could expect to accomplish a task. It is the same thing as a 100% pace. Average observed time is multiplied by the performance rating factor to obtain normal time. This adjusts for average observed times measured on workers whose pace is not "normal."