Answer to Question 1
D
Bone marrow transplantation is currently the standard treatment for children in their first remission with AML. The standard treatment for ALL is combination chemotherapy. The standard treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is chemotherapy. Bone marrow transplantation is used to treat non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation. The treatment for Wilms' tumor consists of surgery and chemotherapy alone or in combination with radiation therapy.
Answer to Question 2
C
Children diagnosed with the most common form of leukemia, ALL, can almost always achieve remission, with a 5-year disease-free survival rate approaching 85. With the majority of children surviving 5 years or longer, it is inappropriate to refer to leukemia as a fatal disease. Although research to find a cure for childhood cancers is very active, it does not address the parent's concern. About 95 of children achieve remission within the first month of chemotherapy. If significant numbers of blast cells are still present in the bone marrow after a month of chemotherapy, a new and stronger regimen is begun.