Answer to Question 1
One proposed solution to deal with many of the problems associated with modern technology is to develop what has been called appropriate technology, or a technology appropriate to the human scale, to what people can comprehend and relate to; it would be a technology that is limited in size, decentralized, and responsive to human values and needs. In most cases, an appropriate technology would be considerably smaller than what exists today. An appropriate technology would avoid the tendency of technology to alienate people, and it would return control to the hands of individuals. An example of an appropriate technology is solar energy. Solar energy does not require the building of large centralized power plants as do nuclear and coal-fired facilities. The technology is decentralized, with each household or community producing some of its own energy rather than having energy production controlled by large corporations.
Answer to Question 2
In gene splicing, DNA from one organism is spliced into the genetic material of another organism to produce some new characteristics in the host or even a novel form of life. Gene splicing has been used, for example, to produce large quantities of insulin and interferon, used in the treatment of diabetes and cancer, respectively. This is done by introducing human genes that govern the natural production of insulin or interferon into a bacterium that is then induced by this new genetic material to produce insulin or interferon.
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