Answer to Question 1
Ans: C
A first step in facilitating change is gaining a thorough understanding of resistance
to change. This should precede the evaluation process, even though this should indeed begin
early in the change process. An understanding of the change process is necessary before the
nurse begins eliciting support from care providers or publicizing the deficits of the current
system.
Answer to Question 2
Ans: B
Planned change has a definite design and structure established to facilitate the
process, including time lines, identification of stake holders, goals, plans for implementation,
and processes for evaluation. Thoughtful planning often results in more effective and efficient
change processes and is essential for projects that are complex or large in scope and that require
greater time, resources, or skills. Change also may be unplanned and occur as a reaction to
another issue, such as a failed accreditation. This is referred to as reactive change. Reactive
change occurs when some problem or event arises that requires a different way of doing things.