Answer to Question 1
An ideal response will:
1. Define conservatism as a belief in private property rights and free markets, and enhancing individual liberty by keeping government small, especially the national government, while supporting a strong national defense.
2. Discuss that conservatives take a pessimistic view of human nature and believe that a primary task of government is to ensure order, firm laws, and strict moral codes. Conservatives also believe that people are the architects of their own success or failure.
Answer to Question 2
An ideal response will:
1. Define socialism as a governmental system where some of the means of production are controlled by the state and where the state provides key human welfare services such as health care and old age assistance. It also allows for free markets in other activities.
2. Define communism as a belief that the state owns property in common for all people and where a single political party that represents the working classes controls the government.
3. Compare voting and elections and the levels of state ownership. Identify China and Cuba v. Sweden or other socialist example.
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