Answer to Question 1
Ans: B, C, E
The age-related changes that impact the older adult's response to cold include inefficient vasoconstriction, decreased cardiac output, diminished peripheral circulation, and delayed and diminished shivering. There is no indication of respiratory or bowel issues.
Answer to Question 2
Ans: A, B, C
A healthy older adult in a comfortable environment will experience few, if any, functional consequences of altered thermoregulation. In the presence of any risk factor, however, hypothermia or heat-related illness may develop in an older adult. Even moderately adverse environmental temperatures can precipitate hypothermia or heat-related illness in an older adult, especially in the presence of additional predisposing factors, such as certain medications or pathologic conditions. Age-related changes, which can affect processes involved with heat loss or production, begin during the fifth decade, and their cumulative effects are experienced during the seventh or eighth decade.
In the communication technique of collaborating, the nurse sends the message that the nurse and pati
To check pupillary reflexes the nurse first holds the penlight
The “Big Four” world leaders meet at the Hotel Crillon in Paris, 1919. From left to right (front row
Advection of cold and warm air at different levels.
Guide to Major Massage Therapy Organizations in the United States*
Heat and Cold Stress Compared