Answer to Question 1
IQ scores may be correlated with racial category, but the relationship is correlational, so we can't identify causation. In addition, other factors like degree of poverty or family income may provide more useful information about behavior. Research has suggested that when socioeconomic status and living circumstances may be more useful in understanding behavior than either race or ethnicity (Scarr, 1981).
Answer to Question 2
a . People within a given racial category differ greatly from one another; there is more difference among people within the same racial group than there is between people in different racial categories.
b. There are no certain markers to distinguish people reliably according to race. There has always been mixing of people from different groups, so the notion of a pure race is a fiction.
c. Even though there may be some general similarity within groups or difference across groups, there is no reason to believe that those differences are associated with behaviors.
Race-Ethnicity and Income Extremes
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Problem
Problem Solving