Answer to Question 1
Both conditions are autoimmune disease of the thyroid. Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism; it is an autoimmune thyroid disease in which the autoantibodies resemble TSH stimulate the TSH receptors causing overproduction of thyroid hormones; results in hyperthyroidism in which both T3 and T4 levels are increased in the blood but with a reduced level of TSH Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in adults, especially middle-aged women; thyroid autoantibodies are directed against the TSH receptors and activated lymphocytes directed at the thyroid attack the gland and destroy it; results in hypothyroidism in which T3 and T4 levels are reduced but with an increased level of TSH in the blood.
Answer to Question 2
Use of progestin-only formulation containing 0.75 mg levonorgestrel that is taken within 12 hours following unprotected coitus. The progestin has the following effects: inhibits ovulation; slows the transport of the fertilized ovum through the fallopian tube; and causes endometrial changes making the endometrium unsuitable for implantation.
Lamprey versus Fish
Examination of the Thyroid Gland, Posterior Approach
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD).
Hormones that act through second messengers involve a three-protein module
Hormones Regulate Digestion, Enzymes Chemically Digest Food, and Bile Aids in Fat
Goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland caused by an iodine deficiency