Author Question: With one exception, the safest pregnancy is one in which the woman is drug and alcohol free. For ... (Read 76 times)

savannahhooper · **on:** Jun 28, 2018

With one exception, the safest pregnancy is one in which the woman is drug and alcohol free. For women addicted to opioids, ___________________ _____ treatment is the current standard of care during pregnancy.

a. Methadone maintenance c. Smoking cessation
b. Detoxification d. 4 Ps Plus

Question 2

Which major neonatal complication is carefully monitored after the birth of the infant of a diabetic mother?

a. Hypoglycemia c. Hypobilirubinemia
b. Hypercalcemia d. Hypoinsulinemia

srodz · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 28, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is currently considered the standard of care for pregnant women who are dependent on heroin or other narcotics. Buprenorphine is another medication approved for opioid addiction treatment that is increasingly being used during pregnancy. Opioid replacement therapy has been shown to decrease opioid and other drug use, reduce criminal activity, improve individual functioning, and decrease rates of infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections. Detoxification is the treatment used for alcohol addiction. Pregnant women requiring withdrawal from alcohol should be admitted for inpatient management. Women are more likely to stop smoking during pregnancy than at any other time in their lives. A smoking cessation program can assist in achieving this goal. The 4 Ps Plus is a screening tool designed specifically to identify pregnant women who need in-depth assessment related to substance abuse.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
The neonate is at highest risk for hypoglycemia because fetal insulin production is accelerated during pregnancy to metabolize excessive glucose from the mother. At birth, the maternal glucose supply stops and the neonatal insulin exceeds the available glucose, thus leading to hypoglycemia. Hypocalcemia is associated with preterm birth, birth trauma, and asphyxia, all common problems of the infant of a diabetic mother. Excess erythrocytes are broken down after birth and release large amounts of bilirubin into the neonate's circulation, with resulting hyperbilirubinemia. Because fetal insulin production is accelerated during pregnancy, the neonate presents with hyperinsulinemia.