Answer to Question 1
An ideal response will:
1, Explain that for the framers, Congress was the main bearer of federal governmental powers; in listing the enumerated powers, they were largely defining the powers and responsibilities of the national government itself.
2, Note that the framers enhanced the enumerated powers by adding the elastic clause, granting broad power to Congress to pass whatever legislation was necessary to carry out its enumerated powers and other responsibilities vested in it from other sections of the Constitution.
3, Explain that the framers limited congressional power by making Congress a bicameral bodydivided into two chambersso that legislation could occur only after patient deliberation.
4, Note that the framers added provisions specifically to prohibit certain kinds of actions: bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, the granting of titles of nobility, and the suspension of the right of habeas corpus.
5, Note that additional constraints on congressional action were added in the form of the Bill of Rights.
Answer to Question 2
b
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The constitutional division of Powers Between the National Government and the States