|
|
Pink eye is a term that refers to conjunctivitis, which is inflammation of the thin, clear membrane (conjunctiva) over the white part of the eye (sclera). It may be triggered by a virus, bacteria, or foreign body in the eye. Antibiotic eye drops alleviate bacterial conjunctivitis, and antihistamine allergy pills or eye drops help control allergic conjunctivitis symptoms.
Most childhood vaccines are 90–99% effective in preventing disease. Side effects are rarely serious.
An identified risk factor for osteoporosis is the intake of excessive amounts of vitamin A. Dietary intake of approximately double the recommended daily amount of vitamin A, by women, has been shown to reduce bone mineral density and increase the chances for hip fractures compared with women who consumed the recommended daily amount (or less) of vitamin A.
For about 100 years, scientists thought that peptic ulcers were caused by stress, spicy food, and alcohol. Later, researchers added stomach acid to the list of causes and began treating ulcers with antacids. Now it is known that peptic ulcers are predominantly caused by Helicobacter pylori, a spiral-shaped bacterium that normally exist in the stomach.
Warfarin was developed as a consequence of the study of a strange bleeding disorder that suddenly occurred in cattle on the northern prairies of the United States in the early 1900s.
![Young boy with characteristic nasal crease from the repeated action of the “nasal salute” caused ...](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_2137_18_05_12_3_17_20.jpeg)
![Cataract extraction. The procedure involves a surgical removal of a cataract lens and its replacemen](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_14_10_12_6_37_46_9400219.jpeg)
![Urinalysis. During a simple urinalysis, a stick with colored blocks is dipped into a urine specimen.](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_26_10_12_5_21_07_96732306.jpeg)