Answer to Question 1
This is the border between Israel and the West Bank.
Answer to Question 2
The nation-state creates a conversion of many ethnic groups and when it separates, there is frequently a struggle for power and material resources among the existing ethnic groups. In 1981, after Yugoslavia leader Tito died, the new leader imposed an austerity program under which ethnic groups began to vie with each other in order to gain the resources they needed to survive.