Answer to Question 1
A
Edema is the presence of excess fluid within the interstitial spaces. Hypertonic fluids, when administered, pull fluids and electrolytes from the intracellular and interstitial compartments into the intravascular compartment. Hypertonic fluids can help stabilize blood pressure, increase urine output, and reduce edema. D10W, D5 0.9 NaCl, and D5 LR are all hypertonic fluids, so the nurse would likely not question a prescription for one of those. D5W, however, is hypotonic in the body, with a tendency to pull fluids out of the intravascular compartment into the interstitial compartment, and thus increase the patient's edema.
Answer to Question 2
D
An eschar is a black, leathery covering made up of necrotic tissue. An ulcer covered in eschar cannot be classified using a staging method because it is impossible to determine the depth.