Answer to Question 1
The definition of violent crime may have expanded so that minor incidents that girls, in relative terms, are more likely to commit are now included in the arrest data.
Police are more likely to make arrests in private settings (e.g., home and school) where girls' violence is more widespread.
Family and societal attitudes toward juvenile females are less tolerant now. These developments reflect both a growing intolerance of violence in the law and among the citizenry and an expanded application of preventive punishment and risk management strategies that emphasize early identification and enhanced formal control of problem individuals or groups, particularly problem youth.
Any gender convergence in the arrest rate must be due to police procedures and not actual change in delinquent activity. However, it is possible that girls today are committing the more serious types of crime that result in arrest and court processing, a fact that self-report studies fail to detect.
Student views will vary.
Answer to Question 2
a
A medical assistant listening to the patient and physician discuss the patient's care.
Sectoral Shifts
Professor with guys vs. girls
Government in America: People, Politics, and Policy, AP
Physical and indirect aggression of boys and girls across childhood