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There are major differences in the metabolism of morphine and the illegal drug heroin. Morphine mostly produces its CNS effects through m-receptors, and at k- and d-receptors. Heroin has a slight affinity for opiate receptors. Most of its actions are due to metabolism to active metabolites (6-acetylmorphine, morphine, and morphine-6-glucuronide).
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As many as 28% of hospitalized patients requiring mechanical ventilators to help them breathe (for more than 48 hours) will develop ventilator-associated pneumonia. Current therapy involves intravenous antibiotics, but new antibiotics that can be inhaled (and more directly treat the infection) are being developed.
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In Eastern Europe and Russia, interferon is administered intranasally in varied doses for the common cold and influenza. It is claimed that this treatment can lower the risk of infection by as much as 60–70%.
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Normal urine is sterile. It contains fluids, salts, and waste products. It is free of bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
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The heart is located in the center of the chest, with part of it tipped slightly so that it taps against the left side of the chest.
Audiometry. The child in this photograph is undergoing a hearing test with an audiologist.
The dance language of bees
A Mass-Loss Star
Mass Loss by a Supermassive Star
The American clipper ship, Red Jacket, off Cape Horn, sails from Australia to Liverpool, England, in
Testing hearing acuity using a tuning fork.