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Description: The spermatozoon on the right shows normal morphology. Vigorous movement of its flagellum would indicate normal motility. The spermatozoon on the left has an abnormal double head. Abnormal spermatozoa can also have enlarged heads, pin heads, or tails that are kinked, doubled, coiled, or missing. All men produce a few abnormal spermatozoa, but exposure to lead, cigarette smoke, or chemicals can increase this number. Large numbers of abnormal spermatozoa cause male infertility.
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