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| Description: Wind (aeolian) erosion Water erosion (splash, sheet, rill, gully) Rill erosion moves the most topsoil, followed by sheet and splash erosion Predicting losses by erosion: Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) Wind Erosion Prediction Equation Humans are the primary cause of erosion 19 billion hectares of croplands worldwide suffer from erosion Kazakhstan lost tends of millions of hectares to wind erosion Soil degradation over the next 40 years in Africa could reduce crop yields by half The on-farm cost of agricultural land degradation in Canada is $670 million per year Over-application of fertilizers, even organic ones Nitrogen and phosphorous runoff can lead to algal blooms Nitrates in soil can contaminate ground water and pose human health risks Pesticide use Improper disposal and storage of industrial waste Picture Stats: Views: 153 Filesize: 1.92MB Height: 963 Width: 941 Source: https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view;id=35727 |