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| Description: Hormone-secreting cells are also present in the glandular epithelia of the stomach, small intestine, liver, heart, kidneys, adipose tissue, skin, placenta, and other organs.Hormone-secreting cells are also present in the glandular epithelia of the stomach, small intestine, liver, heart, kidneys, adipose tissue, skin, placenta, and other organs. Pineal gland • Melatonin (affects sleep/wake cycles) Thyroid gland • Thyroid hormone (affects development, metabolism) • Calcitonin (lowers blood calcium level) Thymus gland • Thymosins, thymulin (enhance immune function) Adrenal glands Adrenal cortex • Cortisol (affects metabolism, immune response) • Aldosterone (acts in kidneys) Adrenal medulla • Epinephrine, norepinephrine (cause fight–flight response) Gonads: ovaries or testes (not shown) • Estrogens, progesterone, testosterone (regulate gamete production and influence secondary sexual traits) Pancreas • Insulin (lowers blood glucose) • Glucagon (raises blood glucose) Pituitary gland Anterior lobe makes and secretes: • Adrenocortocotropic hormone (ACTH; stimulates adrenal gland) • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; stimulates thyroid gland) • Luteinizing hormone (LH; stimulates ovaries and testes) • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; stimulates ovaries,testes) • Prolactin (stimulates mammary glands) • Growth hormone (affects growth) Posterior lobe secretes: • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH; acts on kidney; concentrates urine) • Oxytocin (makes smooth muscle of reproductive tract and milk ducts contract) Hypothalamus • Hormones that regulate pituitary’s anterior lobe • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and oxytocin (both released by the posterior Parathyroid glands (not shown, on rear of thyroid) pituitary) • Parathyroid hormone (raises blood calcium level) Picture Stats: Views: 524 Filesize: 478.26kB Height: 1038 Width: 1492 Source: https://biology-forums.com/index.php?action=gallery;sa=view;id=47620 Keywords: Glands |