According to research mentioned in this chapter, when researchers discontinued rewards and prizes, why did elementary school children spend less time playing math games? The children probably reasoned,
a. If I no longer win prizes, why should I play with these games?
b. My teacher must not like the games, or she would offer prizes.
c. The games must be good, or why would my teacher give me prizes?
d. If I work hard on my spelling, maybe I can win prizes.
Question 2
Stella is very serious about dancing and starts college as a dance major. The more serious she gets about dancing, the more she worries about the pressure to succeed and the rewards associated with succeeding.
She finds that dancing feels like a chore and something she has to do rather than wants to do. Her change in her views about dance is due to what social psychologists call
a. cognitive appraisal.
b. attribution of arousal.
c. insufficient justification.
d. overjustification.
