Answer to Question 1
D
Answer to Question 2
List six things Zimbardo recommends that you can do to resist group influence. 6 points, 1 each for any 6 of the following:
- Understand that you are as susceptible as anyone else to the power of group influence; this happens all the time and you need to be vigilant
- Be ready to say that you're wrong if you get new evidence
- For important decisions gather needed information; don't let someone convince you of something you don't know anything about; extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence; be skeptical; be a critical thinker
- Look for holes in arguments; look for discrepancies in arguments or ideas; play devil's advocate, especially if someone wants you to take an extreme position or do something bad
- Avoid extreme situations where you are out of contact with those not in the group
- Make people give their credentials and show their IDs
- Even if you believe something question whether the actions someone else is asking you to take are justified
- Don't put abstract principles ahead of real people
- Challenge rules, especially if they are extreme: who made the rule, what is the rule intended to do, who maintains the rule, who benefits from the rule
- Avoid the fundamental attribution error; are the causes of behavior due to internal traits or external circumstances?
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