Answer to Question 1
Frail older adults have physical disabilities, are very ill, and may have cognitive or psychological disorders. Frail adults have declining competence and tend to have multiple problems. Activities of daily living are basic self-care tasks such as eating, bathing, toileting, walking, and dressing. A person could be considered frail if he or she needs help with one of these tasks. Instrumental activities of daily living are actions that require some intellectual competence and planning. For most older adults in Western cultures, IADLs would include shopping for personal items, paying bills, making telephone calls, taking medications appropriately, and keeping appointments. Most frail adults need basic assistance with ADLs and IADLs. The key to providing a supportive context for frail older adults is to create an optimal match between the person's competence and the environmental demands.
Answer to Question 2
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