Answer to Question 1
Gardner's nine types of intelligences included linguistic (understanding vocabulary and language), logical-mathematics (understanding math), spatial (understanding spatial relations), musical, bodily-kinesthetic (understanding body position), interpersonal (understanding others), intrapersonal (understand self), naturalistic (understanding nature), and existential (understanding one's existence in the universe). Gardner felt that intelligence was not a single factor (such as g), and that different people could be skilled in any combination of these different types of intelligence. His was one of the earlier theories of multiple intelligences.
Answer to Question 2
Many American adolescents do not ingest the appropriate amounts of calcium, iron,
and zinc. The primary causes appear to be irregular eating habits and eating disorders.
The typical male adolescent needs to consume approximately 3,000 calories per day,
while the typical female adolescent needs to consume approximately 2,200 . Given
concerns over body image and weight, however, many adolescents will not ingest the
number of needed calories. This concern with body image and weight gain can lead to
eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is
characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight. It may prompt the individual to
exercise excessively, severely restrict food intake, and to see one's body image as
significantly different (heavier) than others view it. Bulimia nervosa typically involves a
cycle of binge eating followed by purging. Episodes of binge eating typically follow a
serious effort to restrict food intake.