In order to better understand marriage as a social institution, ...

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In order to better understand marriage as a social institution, Browning outlines five specific social dimensions of marriage. Name them and provide brief descriptions of each.
 
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Question 2

A conjugal role is a culturally defined, culturally assigned set of behaviors each spouse is expected to carry out. Give examples of conjugal roles.
 
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Answer to Question 1

1. Marriage as an Organizer of Natural Desires
The Greeks viewed the marital union as a way to organize natural sex -drives of men and women and their urges to bear children. Additionally, the Greeks viewed marriage as a vehicle for ensuring that other natural, daily needs such as safety and security needs, needs for shelter, and needs for food were met through the division of labor pair bonding provides.
2. Marriage as a Social Good
This dimension can be likened to the ideas associated with collectivist cultures wherein the needs of society are put before individual needs. For example, in this context healthy marriages and healthy families are a vital, necessary, and essential components of a healthy, productive society. According to Browning, Martin Luther (1522 ) put forth the notion that marriage is ordained by God for the good and beneficial gain of the married couple, their children, and the culture and society in which they live.
3. Marriage as a Communicative Reality
Marriage is a communicative reality-the nature of contemporary marriage is a bond where lives are meant to intersect for the purposes of mutual support and mutual comfort, or oneness. Because the emphasis of marriage today is more individualistic rather than a collectivist need, contemporary marriage places greater emphasis on the emotional and communication aspects of the relationship. According to Browning, in order to achieve equity and satisfaction in marriage, married couples must develop both communication and interpersonal relationship skills and nurture them throughout the life course of the marriage.
4. Marriage as Sacrament and Covenant
For many, marriage is viewed as something bound together by more than legal ties or a personal, intimate commitment to one another. The Christian, Jewish, Hindu dharma, and Islamic religions consider marriage to be divinely ordered and ordained. Thus, no marriage should be entered in to without much thought and consideration; the sacrament of marriage is deemed a sacred act.
5. Marriage as a Legal Contract
Whether one marries in a tribal ritual or in an elaborate church or temple ceremony, marriage across cultures is considered a contractual agreement between parties, be it an arrangement between the bride and groom's families where betrothal took place perhaps before the child was even born, or the conventional contractual agreement made between today's contemporary bride and groom.

Answer to Question 2

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