When a patient asks, What is the cause of multiple sclerosis? the ...

[kamilo84]

When a patient asks, What is the cause of multiple sclerosis? the nurse bases the answer on the interaction between:
 
  a. vascular and metabolic factors.
  b. bacterial infection and the inflammatory response.
  c. autoimmunity and genetic susceptibility.
  d. neurotransmitters and inherited genes.

Question 2

A 65-year-old patient diagnosed with a subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to uncontrolled hy-pertension appears drowsy and confused with pronounced focal neurologic deficits. This symp-tomology would place this hemorrhage at which grade?
 
  a. I
  b. II
  c. III
  d. IV

[karmakat49]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Multiple sclerosis is due to an interaction between the autoimmune response and genetics. Multi-ple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder that is thought to have developed secondary to a viral infection. It is not bacterial, nor is it related to a neurotransmitter dysfunction or vascular or metabolic factors.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
With grade III, the patient experiences drowsiness and confusion with or without focal neuro-logic deficits and pronounced meningeal signs. With grade I, neurologic status is intact with mild headache and slight nuchal rigidity. With grade II, neurologic deficit is evidenced by cranial nerve involvement and moderate-to-severe headache with more pronounced meningeal signs (e.g., photophobia, nuchal rigidity). With grade IV, the patient is stuporous with pronounced neurologic deficits (e.g., hemiparesis, dysphasia) and nuchal rigidity.

[kamilo84]

Excellent

[softEldritch]

TYSM