A 38-year-old woman takes clomiphene, an infertility drug that ...

[biggirl4568]

A 38-year-old woman takes clomiphene, an infertility drug that works by competing with, and thereby blocking, cellular receptors for estrogen. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true of this client?
 
  A)
  Receptors for all other steroid hormones will also be blocked.
  B)
  Up-regulation will increase the number of estrogen receptors on each target cell.
  C)
  Estrogen will continue to pass freely through the cellular membranes.
  D)
  Laboratory tests will reveal an increase in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels.

Question 2

To reduce hepatic blood flow and decrease portal pressures in persons with cirrhosis, the nurse should be prepared to administer which of the following medications?
 
  A)
  Bevacizumab, an angiogenesis inhibitor
  B)
  Octreotide, a long-acting synthetic analog of somatostatin
  C)
  Filgrastim, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) analog
  D)
  Diltiazem (Cardizem), a calcium channel blocker

[perkiness]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C

Feedback:

Because estrogen is a steroid hormone, its receptors in target cells are located inside the cell membrane, and their blockage does not affect the movement of the hormone into and out of the cell. Receptors are specific for each hormone, so no hormones other than estrogen will be blocked. Up-regulation occurs when hormone levels are decreased, and in this case, the estrogen level will increase. Second messengers, such as cAMP, are only activated by peptide hormones and catecholamines.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
B

Feedback:

Ocetrotide, a long-acting synthetic analog of somatostatin, reduces splanchnic and hepatic blood flow and portal pressures in persons with cirrhosis. Bevacizumab was the first angiogenesis inhibitor that was shown to slow tumor growth and, more importantly, to extend the lives of patients with some cancers. Filgrastim rapidly reverses neutropenia and maintains normal ANC in patients with HIV infection. Diltiazem is used to treat a variety of conditions, such as high blood pressure, migraines, and Raynaud disease.