Following several days in an acidotic state, a hospital patient ...

[rayancarla1]

Following several days in an acidotic state, a hospital patient has returned to desired pH. Which of the following processes could have contributed to the resolution of the patient's health problem?
 
  A)
  Exchange of Na+ and H+ ions
  B)
  Selective renal secretion and reabsorption of CO2
  C)
  The phosphate and ammonia buffer systems in the renal tubules
  D)
  Excretion of HCO3- by the kidneys

Question 2

A gastroenterologist is teaching a group of medical students about the enteric nervous system in preparation for a consult on client who has suffered a spinal cord injury. Which of the physician's teaching points is most accurate?
 
  A)
  The myenteric plexus is responsible for controlling the function of each segment of the intestinal tract.
  B)
  The enteric nervous system is made up of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses; these are located in the wall of the GI tract.
  C)
  Sympathetic innervation of much of the GI tract occurs by way of the vagus nerve.
  D)
  Parasympathetic stimulation blocks the release of the excitatory neuromediators and inhibits GI motility.

[ong527]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
C

Feedback:

The phosphate and ammonia buffer systems are secondary, but important, processes that contribute to the maintenance of appropriate pH. The kidneys must reabsorb nearly all the body's stores of HCO3- to maintain homeostasis, and they are not involved in CO2 control. Hydrogen-potassium exchange, not hydrogen-sodium exchange, is a component of acid-base control.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
B

Feedback:

The enteric nervous system consists of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, which are located within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. The myenteric plexus is responsible for controlling overall function along the entire length of the gut, while the vagus nerve provides parasympathetic, not sympathetic, innervation. Sympathetic simulation lessens excitatory neuromediators and inhibits GI motility.