Author Question: A client who has a diagnosis of an autoimmune disease asks his nurse why it is that his immune ... (Read 141 times)

kfurse · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

A client who has a diagnosis of an autoimmune disease asks his nurse why it is that his immune system does not attack all of the cells that make up his body.

Which of the following aspects of pathogen recognition in the innate immune system listed below would underlie the nurse's response?
A)
Normal host cells excrete inhibitory proteins that are detected by natural killer cells.
B)
Intraepithelial lymphocytes and natural killer cells possess specific, highly diverse receptors.
C)
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) ensure that cells are correctly identified.
D)
Leukocytes possess pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)

Question 2

A nurse has just learned that her child has a life-threatening complement disorder known as hereditary angioneurotic edema (HAE). Due to deficiency in C1-INH, the nurse needs to be prepared for which possible life-threatening clinical manifestation?

A)
Bulging eyeballs
B)
Swelling of the airway
C)
Compressed carotid arteries
D)
Compression of brachial nerves

diesoon · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Ans: C

PRRs recognize the structure of invaders and thus prevent activation by healthy somatic cells, though neither intraepithelial lymphocytes nor natural killer cells possess the high level of specification and diversity of receptors associated with the adaptive immune system. Host cells do not excrete inhibitory proteins, and PAMPs exist on pathogens, not on leukocytes.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
B

Feedback:

HAE is a rare, life-threatening complement disorder that results from deficiency of C1-inhibitor (HAE-C1-INH). It is an inherited autosomal dominant trait that causes mutation in the 11th chromosome. Deficiencies in C1-INH result in uncontrolled release of vasoactive substances that promote vascular permeability. The net result is the development of swelling in the subcutaneous tissues of the extremities, face/torso, or upper airway and GI tract. Laryngeal edema is a life-threatening manifestation that can lead to complete airway obstruction and death without interventions.