Answer to Question 1
2
Intrinsic distortion occurs when information is passed from one person to another through an interpreter. Distortions can occur through vocal tones, eye contact, phrasing, and body language. Extrinsic distortion occurs when the interpreter is improperly prepared due to not being familiar with medical terminology or regional dialect issues. Stereotyping and conflict are not communication issues.
Answer to Question 2
1, 4, 5, 6
Client barriers to sufficient pain management include fear that the disease is worse, fear of becoming addicted to pain medication, fear of side effects, and concern about being labeled as a bad client. Insufficient health plan benefits to pay for the medication and cultural background preventing the use of pain medication are not identified client barriers to sufficient pain management.