Which nursing intervention will be most effective when assisting ...

[Caiter2013]

Which nursing intervention will be most effective when assisting the patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) to make appropriate dietary changes?
 
  a. Give the patient a list of low-sodium, low-cholesterol foods that should be included in the diet.
  b. Emphasize the increased risk for heart problems unless the patient makes the dietary changes.
  c. Help the patient modify favorite high-fat recipes by using monosaturated oils when possible.
  d. Inform the patient that a diet containing no saturated fat and minimal salt will be necessary.

Question 2

When developing a teaching plan for a 61-year-old man with the following risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), the nurse should focus on the
 
  a. family history of coronary artery disease.
  b. increased risk associated with the patient's gender.
  c. increased risk of cardiovascular disease as people age.
  d. elevation of the patient's low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level.

[amynguyen1221]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Lifestyle changes are more likely to be successful when consideration is given to the patient's values and preferences. The highest percentage of calories from fat should come from monosaturated fats. Although low-sodium and low-cholesterol foods are appropriate, providing the patient with a list alone is not likely to be successful in making dietary changes. Completely removing saturated fat from the diet is not a realistic expectation. Up to 7 of calories in the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) diet can come from saturated fat. Telling the patient about the increased risk without assisting further with strategies for dietary change is unlikely to be successful.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Because family history, gender, and age are nonmodifiable risk factors, the nurse should focus on the patient's LDL level. Decreases in LDL will help reduce the patient's risk for developing CAD.