The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing acute myocardial ...

[HudsonKB16]

The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing acute myocardial infarction. What electrocardiogram change should the nurse expect for this patient's health problem?
 
  1. ST-segment elevation
  2. loss of P waves
  3. bradycardia
  4. widening of the QRS complex

Question 2

Upon auscultating the chest of a 75-year-old patient who recently experienced a myocardial infarction (MI), the nurse hears an S3 and lung crackles. Because of these findings, the nurse should assess for what other condition?
 
  1. heart failure
  2. extension of the MI
  3. renal failure
  4. liver failure

[mcabuhat]

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 1
The electrocardiogram reflects changes in conduction due to myocardial ischemia and necrosis. Classic ECG changes seen in acute myocardial infarction include ST-segment elevation. Loss of P waves occurs with atrial flutter and fibrillation. Bradycardia can be a normal or abnormal rhythm. Widening of the QRS complex occurs with bundle branch block.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 1
S3 and lung crackles are indications of heart failure. Manifestations of MI extension include chest pain and a return of positive laboratory finding (CK-MB and troponin). Renal failure is a late complication of heart failure and is not manifested with an S3 and crackles. Liver failure is not manifested with an S3 and crackles.