Author Question: The daughter of an older patient asks why the patient is experiencing frequent episodes of ... (Read 74 times)

dejastew · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

The daughter of an older patient asks why the patient is experiencing frequent episodes of pneumonia. What factors should the nurse discuss when responding?

Select all that apply.

1. Diminished thirst reflex
2. Diminished cough reflex
3. Less production of sputum
4. Reduced bladder contractility
5. Reduced mucociliary clearance in the lungs

Question 2

A patient is prescribed metronidazole (Flagyl) for treatment of C. difficile. What should the nurse include when teaching the patient about this medication?

Select all that apply.

1. Do not drink any alcohol while taking this medication.
2. Drink a minimum of 2-1/2 to 3 quarts of fluid every day.
3. Notify the healthcare provider if urine color changes to reddish brown.
4. Changes in mentation and coordination are expected when taking this medication.
5. Contact the healthcare provider if urination becomes painful when taking this medication.

owenfalvey · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 2, 3, 5

Because immune function declines with aging, older adults are more susceptible to infections. A diminished cough reflex reduces the clearance of respiratory secretions and increases the risk for pneumonia. The older adult may produce less sputum due to decreased immune function. Decreased mucociliary clearance reduces the clearance of respiratory secretions and increases the risk for pneumonia. Diminished thirst reflex does not directly contribute to the development of pneumonia in the older patient. Reduced bladder contractility in the older patient would contribute to the development of urinary tract infections.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 1, 2, 5

Alcohol should not be ingested while taking this medication. A severe reaction can occur. Fluid intake should be 2-1/2 to 3 quarts each day. The healthcare provider should be contacted if urination becomes painful. This medication may turn urine reddish brown, which is expected and not harmful. The healthcare provider should be contacted about any changes in mentation or coordination.