Answer to Question 1
C
In chronic renal failure, the kidneys do not produce sufficient amounts of erythropoietin in response to normal stimuli such as anemia or hypotension. The other choices are not reasons for frequent blood transfusions in this patient.
Answer to Question 2
B
Under normal physiologic conditions, mean intracranial pressure (ICP) is maintained below 15 mm Hg. An increase in ICP can decrease blood flow to the brain, causing brain damage. Persistent ICP elevation above 20 mm Hg remains the most significant factor associated with a fatal outcome.