An older client is admitted to the hospital with bronchitis. The ...

[Sufayan.ah]

An older client is admitted to the hospital with bronchitis. The client's family asks the nurse why the family member is so sick when others in the family are not affected in the same way. The nurse should teach the family that:
 
  1. older clients have problems with adequate nutrition and are more susceptible to respiratory infections as a result.
  2. the chest wall of the older client is more elastic, allowing a buildup of more secretions.
  3. the older client has less cilia and a weaker cough that makes it difficult to get secretions out of the lungs.
  4. the older client has much thinner secretions than does the young one.

Question 2

The nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with asthma. The nurse explains that air is trapped in the alveoli due to:
 
  1. the release of antihistamines in the body.
  2. inflammation of the airways.
  3. decrease of the production of mucus.
  4. shortening of the expiratory phase of ventilation.

[Jbrasil]

Answer to Question 1

Answer: 3

1. It is not true that older clients tend to be in poor nutritional condition.
2. The chest wall becomes stiffer as we age, making it difficult to clear secretions from the lungs.
3. Along with stiffer chest wall muscles, the older client also has a diminished or weaker cough and decreased cilia to clear secretions.
4. Because older clients are not as well hydrated, the tendency is for secretions to be thicker and sticky.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: 2

1. In response to a trigger, the body produces histamines, which causes inflammation.
2. The release of histamines causes inflammation of the airways, which decreases the lungs' ability to move air in and out.
3. The production of mucus is increased and further narrows the airways.
4. The expiratory phase increases in an attempt to remove trapped air.