Answer to Question 1
A contraction is the normal shortening of a muscle fiber as actin filaments slide between myosin filaments in response to an electrical impulse from a nerve. A contracture is an abnormal, fixed position of a muscle in which it shortens due to inactivity or paralysis and becomes immobile.
Answer to Question 2
Many medical words are derived from ancient Latin and Greek words. Sometimes the words are very similar to the original Latin and Greek words. Some medical words are also derived from other languages, such as English, Dutch, and French.
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