Answer to Question 1
C
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A Incorrect. The school nurse will not teach the teachers and caregivers that the child with sickle cell anemia must avoid diets high in sugar, cola drinks, and classroom treats that are high in sugar content.
B Incorrect. The school nurse will not teach the teachers and caregivers that the child with sickle cell anemia must avoid homework assignments that require loss of sleep to be completed on time.
C Correct. The primary treatment for children with sickle cell disease is prevention of RBC sickling in order to prevent anemia and sickle cell crises. This entails avoiding stimuli such as fever, infection, acidosis, dehydration, constricting clothing, and exposure to cold.
D Incorrect. The school nurse will not teach the teachers and caregivers that the child with sickle cell anemia must avoid playing with other children, small group projects, and paired projects.
Answer to Question 2
A
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A Correct. Giving parents discharge instructions for the care of their child with sickle cell anemia, the nurse explains that the child will be maintained on prophylactic oral penicillin until age 5 and tells the parents that the rationale for this antibiotic is the increased risk for infection.
B Incorrect. The nurse explains that the child will be maintained on prophylactic oral penicillin until age 5, but does not tell the parents that the rationale for this antibiotic is to prevent the destruction of red blood cells (RBCs).
C Incorrect. The nurse explains that the child will be maintained on prophylactic oral penicillin until age 5, but does not tell the parents that the rationale for this antibiotic is to prevent vegetation on the mitral valve.
D Incorrect. The nurse explains that the child will be maintained on prophylactic oral penicillin until age 5, but does not tell the parents that the rationale for this antibiotic is that antibiotics alter the shape of the sickle cell.