Author Question: A nurse is teaching a class on acute renal failure. The nurse relates that acute renal failure as a ... (Read 124 times)

darbym82 · **on:** Jun 27, 2018

A nurse is teaching a class on acute renal failure. The nurse relates that acute renal failure as a result of hemolytic-uremic syndrome is classified as:

a. prerenal.
b. intrarenal.
c. postrenal.
d. chronic.

Question 2

Parents ask the nurse, When should our child's hypospadias be corrected? The nurse responds based upon the knowledge that correction of hypospadias should be accomplished by the time the child is:

a. 1 month of age.
b. 6 to 8 months of age.
c. school age.
d. sexually mature.

FergA · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 27, 2018

Answer to Question 1

B
Intrarenal acute renal failure is the result of damage to kidney tissue. Possible causes of intrarenal acute renal failure are hemolytic uremic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, and pyelonephritis. Prerenal acute renal failure is the result of decreased perfusion to the kidney. Possible causes include dehydration, septic and hemorrhagic shock, and hypotension. Postrenal acute renal failure results from obstruction of urine outflow. Conditions causing postrenal failure include ureteropelvic obstruction, ureterovesical obstruction, or neurogenic bladder. Renal failure caused by hemolytic-uremic syndrome is of the acute nature. Chronic renal failure is an irreversible loss of kidney function, which occurs over months or years.

Answer to Question 2

B
The correction of hypospadias should ideally be accomplished by the time the child is 6 to 8 months of age and before toilet training. Surgery to correct hypospadias is not performed when the infant is less than 6 months of age. It is preferable for hypospadias to be surgically corrected before the child enters school so that the child has normal toileting behaviors in the presence of his peers. Corrective surgery for hypospadias is done long before sexual maturity.