Author Question: Which factor is the most important in determining the rate of fluid replacement in the dehydrated ... (Read 99 times)

K@ · **on:** Jun 27, 2018

Which factor is the most important in determining the rate of fluid replacement in the dehydrated child?

a. The child's weight
b. The type of dehydration
c. Urine output
d. Serum potassium level

Question 2

Which assessments are most relevant to the care of an infant with dehydration?

a. Temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure
b. Respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and lung sounds
c. Heart rate, capillary refill, and skin color
d. Diet tolerance, bowel function, and abdominal girth

upturnedfurball · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 27, 2018

Answer to Question 1

B
Isotonic and hypotonic dehydration resuscitation involves fluid replacement over 24 hours. Hypertonic dehydration involves a slower replacement rate to prevent a sudden decrease in the sodium level. The child's weight determines the amount of fluid needed, not the rate of fluid replacement. One milliliter of body fluid is equal to 1 gram of body weight; therefore a loss of 1 kilogram (2.2 pounds) is equal to 1 liter of fluid. Urine output is not a consideration for determining the rate of administration of replacement fluids. Potassium level is not as significant in determining the rate of fluid replacement as the type of dehydration.

Answer to Question 2

C
Changes in heart rate, capillary refill, and skin color are early indicators of impending shock in the child. Children can compensate and maintain an adequate cardiac output when they are hypovolemic. Blood pressure is not as reliable an indicator of shock as are changes in heart rate, sensorium, and skin color. Respiratory assessments will not provide data about impending hypovolemic shock. Diet tolerance, bowel function, and abdominal girth are not as important indicators of shock as heart rate, capillary refill, and skin color.