As the nurse assists a new mother with breastfeeding, the client ...

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As the nurse assists a new mother with breastfeeding, the client asks, If formula is prepared to meet the nutritional needs of the newborn, what is in breast milk that makes it better? The nurse's best response is that it contains:
 
  a. More calories. c. Important immunoglobulins.
  b. Essential amino acids. d. More calcium.

Question 2

To prevent nipple trauma, the nurse should instruct the new mother to:
 
  a. Limit the feeding time to less than 5 minutes.
  b. Position the infant so the nipple is far back in the mouth.
  c. Assess the nipples before each feeding.
  d. Wash the nipples daily with mild soap and water.

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Breast milk contains immunoglobulins that protect the newborn against infection. The calorie count of formula and breast milk is about the same. All the essential amino acids are in both formula and breast milk; however, the concentrations may differ. Calcium levels are higher in formula than in breast milk. This higher level can cause an excessively high renal solute load if the formula is not diluted properly.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
If the infant's mouth does not cover as much of the areola as possible, the pressure during sucking will be applied to the nipple, thus causing trauma to the area. Stimulating the breast for less than 5 minutes will not produce the extra milk the infant may need. This will also limit access to the higher-fat hindmilk. Assessing the nipples for trauma is important; however, this action alone will not prevent sore nipples. Soap can be drying to the nipples and should be avoided during breastfeeding.