Concerning the use and abuse of legal drugs or substances, nurses ...

[jrubin]

Concerning the use and abuse of legal drugs or substances, nurses should be aware that:
 
  a. Although cigarette smoking causes a number of health problems, it has little direct effect on maternity-related health.
  b. Caucasian women are more likely to experience alcohol-related problems.
  c. Coffee is a stimulant that can interrupt body functions and has been related to birth defects.
  d. Prescription psychotherapeutic drugs taken by the mother do not affect the fetus; otherwise, they would not have been prescribed.

Question 2

Screening at 24 weeks of gestation reveals that a pregnant woman has gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
 
  In planning her care, the nurse and the woman mutually agree that an expected outcome is to prevent injury to the fetus as a result of GDM. The nurse identifies that the fetus is at greatest risk for:
  a. Macrosomia.
  b. Congenital anomalies of the central nervous system.
  c. Preterm birth.
  d. Low birth weight.

[mariahkathleeen]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
African-American and poor women are more likely to use illicit substances, particularly cocaine, whereas Caucasian and educated women are more likely to use alcohol.
Cigarette smoking impairs fertility and is a cause of low birth weight. Caffeine consumption has not been related to birth defects. Psychotherapeutic drugs have some effect on the fetus, and that risk must be weighed against their benefit to the mother.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Poor glycemic control later in pregnancy increases the rate of fetal macrosomia. Poor glycemic control during the preconception time frame and into the early weeks of the pregnancy is associated with congenital anomalies. Preterm labor or birth is more likely to occur with severe diabetes and is the greatest risk in women with pregestational diabetes. Increased weight, or macrosomia, is the greatest risk factor for this woman.

[jrubin]

TYSM

[hramirez205]

Gracias!