Answer to Question 1
ANS: C
A cataract is opacity of the lens of the eye. The child may have visual impairment secondary to the cataract, but the opacity is a cataract. Glaucoma is increased intraocular pressure. Retinoblastoma is a tumor of the eye.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A
Childhood immunizations can eliminate the possibility of acquired sensorineural hearing loss from rubella, mumps, or measles encephalitis. Assessing a newborn for hearing loss, answering parents' questions about hearing aids, and participating in hearing screening in the community are interventions to screen for the presence of hearing loss or deal with an identified loss, not prevention.