Author Question: A nurse is preparing to accompany a medical mission's team to a third world country. Marasmus is ... (Read 57 times)

luvbio · **on:** Jun 28, 2018

A nurse is preparing to accompany a medical mission's team to a third world country. Marasmus is seen frequently in children 6 months to 2 years in this country. Which symptoms should the nurse expect for this condition?

a. Loose, wrinkled skin
b. Edematous skin
c. Depigmentation of the skin
d. Dermatoses

Question 2

Place in order the expected sequence of fine motor developmental milestones for an infant beginning with the first milestone achieved and ending with the last milestone achieved.

Provide answer using lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c, d, e).
a. Voluntary palmar grasp
b. Reflex palmar grasp
c. Puts objects into a container
d. Neat pincer grasp
e. Builds a tower of two blocks, but fails

strudel15 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 28, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
Marasmus is characterized by gradual wasting and atrophy of body tissues, especially of subcutaneous fat. The child appears to be very old, with loose and wrinkled skin, unlike the child with kwashiorkor, who appears more rounded from the edema. Fat metabolism is less impaired than in kwashiorkor; thus, deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins is usually minimal or absent. In general, the clinical manifestations of marasmus are similar to those seen in kwashiorkor with the following exceptions: With marasmus, there is no edema from hypoalbuminemia or sodium retention, which contributes to a severely emaciated appearance; no dermatoses caused by vitamin deficiencies; little or no depigmentation of hair or skin; moderately normal fat metabolism and lipid absorption; and a smaller head size and slower recovery after treatment.

Answer to Question 2

ANS:
b, a, d, c, e
Grasping occurs during the first 2 to 3 months as a reflex and gradually becomes voluntary. By 5 months, infants are able to voluntarily grasp objects. Gradually, the palmar grasp (using the whole hand) is replaced by a pincer grasp (using the thumb and index finger). By 8 to 10 months of age, infants use a crude pincer grasp, and by 11 months, they have progressed to a neat pincer grasp. By 11 months, they put objects into containers and like to remove them. By age 1 year, infants try to build towers of two blocks but fail.