Which is most descriptive of the clinical manifestations observed ...

[pepyto]

Which is most descriptive of the clinical manifestations observed in neonatal sepsis?
 
  a. Seizures and sunken fontanels
  b. Sudden hyperthermia and profuse sweating
  c. Decreased urinary output and frequent stools
  d. Nonspecific physical signs with hypothermia

Question 2

Newborns are highly susceptible to infection as a result of:
 
  a. excessive levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM).
  b. diminished nonspecific and specific immunity.
  c. increased humoral immunity.
  d. overwhelming anti-inflammatory response.

[swimkari]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
The clinical manifestations of neonatal sepsis are usually characterized by the newborn generally not doing well. Poor temperature control, usually with hypothermia, lethargy, poor feeding, pallor, cyanosis or mottling, and jaundice, may be evident. Seizures and sunken fontanels are not manifestations of the sepsis. Severe neurologic sequelae may occur in low-birth-weight children with sepsis. Hyperthermia is rare in neonatal sepsis. Urinary output is not affected by sepsis.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Newborns have diminished inflammatory (nonspecific) and humoral (specific) immunity. They are unable to mount a local inflammatory reaction at the portal of entry to signal infection, and the resulting symptoms are vague and nonspecific, delaying diagnosis and treatment. Newborns have diminished or absent IgA and IgM. Humoral and anti-inflammatory immune responses are diminished in newborns.