Which is the most likely cause of regurgitation when a newborn is ...

[drink]

Which is the most likely cause of regurgitation when a newborn is fed?
 
  a. The gastrocolic reflex
  b. A relaxed cardiac sphincter
  c. An underdeveloped pyloric sphincter
  d. Placing the infant in a prone position following a feeding

Question 2

A newborn is admitted to the newborn nursery with hypothermia. Which complication should the nurse monitor related to hypothermia in the newborn?
 
  a. Hyperglycemia
  b. Metabolic acidosis
  c. Respiratory acidosis
  d. Vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels

[xiaomengxian]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
The underlying cause of newborn regurgitation is a relaxed cardiac sphincter. The gastrocolic reflex increases intestinal peristalsis after the stomach fills. The pyloric sphincter goes from the stomach to the intestines. The infant should be placed in a supine position.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Cold stress can cause a significant rise in oxygen demands. Metabolism of glucose in the presence of insufficient oxygen causes increased production of acids. Metabolism of brown fat also releases fatty acids. The result can be metabolic acidosis, which can be a life-threatening condition. Cold stress causes hypoglycemia because glucose is being metabolized. Cold stress does not cause respiratory acidosis. As the infant's body attempts to conserve heat, vasoconstriction, not vasodilation, of the peripheral blood vessels occurs to reduce heat loss from the skin surface.