In consideration of the historic evolution of maternity care, ...

[mckennatimberlake]

In consideration of the historic evolution of maternity care, which treatment options were used? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. During the nineteenth century, women of privilege were delivered by midwives in a hospital setting.
  b. Granny midwives received their training through a period of apprenticeship.
  c. The recognition of improved obstetric outcomes was related to increased usage of hygienic practices.
  d. A shift to hospital-based births occurred as a result of medical equipment designed to facilitate birth.
  e. The use of chloroform by midwives led to decreased pain during birth.

Question 2

Many communities now offer the availability of free-standing birth centers to provide care for low-risk women during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum.
 
  When counseling the newly pregnant client regarding this option, the nurse should be aware that this type of care setting includes which advantages? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Staffing by lay midwives
  b. Equipped for obstetric emergencies
  c. Less expensive than acute care hospitals
  d. Safe, homelike births in a familiar setting
  e. Access to follow-up care for 6 weeks postpartum

[tjayeee]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B, C, D
Training of granny midwives was done by apprenticeship as opposed to formal medical school training. With the advent of usage of hygienic practices, improved health outcomes were seen with regard to a decrease in sepsis. New equipment such as forceps enabled easier birth. Women of privilege in the nineteenth century delivered at home, attended by a midwife. Chloroform was used by physicians and was not available to midwives.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C, D, E
Clients who are at low risk and desire a safe, homelike birth are very satisfied with this type of care setting. The new mother may return to the birth center for postpartum follow-up care, breastfeeding assistance, and family planning information for 6 weeks postpartum. Because birth centers do not incorporate advanced technologies into their services, costs are significantly less than in a hospital setting. The major disadvantage of this care setting is that these facilities are not equipped to handle obstetric emergencies. Should unforeseen difficulties occur, the client must be transported by ambulance to the nearest hospital. Birth centers are usually staffed by certified nurse-midwives (CNMs); however, in some states, lay midwives may provide this service.

[mckennatimberlake]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[ttt030911]

Excellent