An infant has critical aortic stenosis. The physician orders ...

[WhattoUnderstand]

An infant has critical aortic stenosis. The physician orders several medications for the infant. Which prescribed medications would the nurse question for this infant? (Select all that apply.)
 
  A.
  Bumetanide (Bumex)
  B.
  Diltiazem (Cardizem)
  C.
  Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
  D.
  Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
  E.
  Furosemide (Lasix)

Question 2

The student is learning about atrioventricular canal defects (AVCs). Which information stated by the student reflects appropriate understanding of the disease process? (Select all that apply.)
 
  A.
  Cyanosis is the cardinal manifestation.
  B.
  It often occurs in children with Down syndrome.
  C.
  Prostaglandin is administered preoperatively.
  D.
  The tricuspid and mitral valves form one opening.
  E.
  It will usually close on its own without surgery.

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: C, D
In cases of critical aortic stenosis, medications include preload- and afterload-reducing agents, including bumetanine, diltiazem, and furosemide. Enoxaparin is a low-molecular-weight heparin. Epinephrine will raise heart rate and blood pressure and would cause this child's condition to worsen.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B, D
An AVC is formed during fetal endocardial development. The tricuspid and mitral valves come together and form one large opening, through which blood is mixed. Because the shunt is left to right, there is no cyanosis. This disorder is often seen in children with Down syndrome and must be repaired surgically for the child to live a normal life. Prostaglandin is used to maintain a patent ductus arteriosus, not for AVCs.