Answer to Question 1
cheiloplasty
The initial treatment for cleft lip is a surgical repair known as cheiloplasty.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B, D, E
Many newborn infants of diabetic mothers have serious complications. When the mother is hyperglycemic, large amounts of glucose are transferred to the fetus. After delivery the infant often has low blood glucose levels because of the abrupt loss of maternal glucose and hypertrophy of the pancreatic islet cells, which results in a temporary overproduction of insulin. Hyperinsulinism, along with excess production of protein and fatty acids, often results in a newborn infant who weighs more than 4082 g (9 lb). These infants suffer from hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperbilirubinemia.